| บทคัดย่อ (อังกฤษ) |
The purposes of this research were 1) to validate direct and indirect effects of the causal factor model that affect safety behavior in driving among highschool students in the northern region of Thailand, 2) to examine the consistency of the model with the empirical data, and 3) to test the invariance of the model between male and female students. Participants of this research were 1,200 highschool students, 600 males and 600 females, they were selected by using multistage random sampling technique. The instrument used for collecting data was five-rating scale questionnaires developed by the researcher. Its reliability was between 0.725-0.851. Data were analyzed by basic statistics, confirmatory factor analysis, causal factor analysis, and multiple group structural equation model analysis. Results were that 1) The validity of the causal model consists of six variables that affected directly and indirectly on the safety behavior in driving among the highschool students in the northern region, they were the peer support, peer infuence norm, perceived behavior control, accident experience knowledge about traffic rules and helmet, and safety behavior in driving. These factors fit to the empirical data; 2) The model factors these affected safety behavior in driving among the highschool students in the northern region well fit to the empirical data as the Chi-square goodness of fit test was 794.628, df = 163, p-value = 0.000, X 2/ df = 4.875, GFI = 0.939, CFI = 0.913, AGFI = 0.905, and RMSEA = 0.062. The model was able to account for 93.00 % of variance in safety behavior in driving among the highschool students; and 3) there was an invariance of the model between male and female students but there were changes of the parameters of the matrix effects of exogenous factor variances to edogenous factor variances, and of the parameters of the matrix of variance-covariance between exogenous factor variances. Based on the assumption 7 and by adding condition equal of the parameters of the regression coefficient matrix of observed variables on exogenous factor variances, the model was harmonious and consistent with empirical data. The invariance of the causal model consisted of variables those had direct and indirect effects on the safety behavior in driving among the highschool students in the northern region between male and female students
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